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Macromolecule

Debendra Subedi 0 Physical Chemistry 3:13 PM

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There are many substances especially biomolecular and synthetic polymers which have their single molecules so large that they form colloidal solution directly in the solution. These molecules are termed as macromolecules. In case of the simple molecules, the molecular weight is simply the sum of the atomic weights of the atmospresent and each molecule have molecular weight but in case of macro molecule, all molecules may not have same chain and hence molecular weight. So the molecular weight of such molecules are taken as the average of the molecular weight of different chains.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqqzuYoJn5zhS6Gi9fDS_d0znes-nB1FSE17O2sT-AmgB_b0yr7IcGZWahFjTXwIMI2HVCv3sfrI-_WD0-NObmCRJlQ87Qk5b-4wtzqYEJWHPCCzqJt0xwDfKwrPYbXhokwAJiQgmgIew/s1600/images+(1).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="macromolecules" border="0" height="288" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqqzuYoJn5zhS6Gi9fDS_d0znes-nB1FSE17O2sT-AmgB_b0yr7IcGZWahFjTXwIMI2HVCv3sfrI-_WD0-NObmCRJlQ87Qk5b-4wtzqYEJWHPCCzqJt0xwDfKwrPYbXhokwAJiQgmgIew/s1600/images+(1).jpg" title="Figure of macromolecules" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Macromolecules</td></tr>
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According to the IUPAC standard definition macromolecules is a single molecule which is used in polymer sciences. In the solution of macromolecules high concentration may alter the reaction rate and equilibrium constant such types of effect is known as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macromolecular_crowding" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">molecular crowding</a>. Plastic, Synthetic fibers, synthetic rubber, graphene are some examples of macro-molecules.<br />
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Determination molecular weight of macromolecules :</h4>
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There are several ways to determine the molecular weight of macro molecules some of them are discussed under following topics:</div>
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<li>From <a href="https://wechemist.blogspot.com/determination-of-molecular-weight-of-macromolecules-by-osmotic-pressure-method.html" target="_blank">Osmotic Pressure method</a></li>
<li>From <a href="https://wechemist.blogspot.com/determination-of-molecular-weight-of-macromolecules-by-Viscocity-measurement.html" target="_blank">Viscosity measurement</a></li>
<li><a href="https://wechemist.blogspot.com/determination-of-molecular-weight-of-macromolecules-by-sedimentation-method.html" target="_blank">Sedimentation method</a> </li>
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Macromolecule

There are many substances especially biomolecular and synthetic polymers which have their single molecules so large that they form colloida...

Magic with Chemicals

Debendra Subedi 0 Video 6:11 PM

Magic with Chemicals

Every things what happen in this world can described by chemistry. Look some magic with chemicals in lab. Never try such types of chemical...

Solvent Property

Debendra Subedi 0 In-Organic Chemistry 8:50 AM

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Solvent property of aqueous or nonaqueous solvents are directly affected by the physical and chemical factors such as liquid range, dielectric constant, donar and aceptor property, solvent property, size of molecule etc. Some characteristics properties of solvent with governs its utility as solvent as follows:<br />
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<li><b>Liquid Range</b>: The mpt and bpt of solvent indicate the range of temperature over which it can exist in liquid state. Solvents having low mpt and high bpt have high liquid range and acts as better solvent. The solvent that are liquid in room temperature ie 25 C under one atmospheric pressure are most useful.<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcXSVywTkXLvvdmHzmQpbRb6CmXJLLpiFZAoLr_N56txE1oDUuRbA6zTgt1IqeH2T5BkE9LFOfzXAwWpGAhHP8TKgIhEGUQd1nMKZm0KrS6xdLgOQo0U_NK5CbxjsbthdbycvUTgX3OQQ/s1600/nonaqueous+solvent.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="Solvent Property" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcXSVywTkXLvvdmHzmQpbRb6CmXJLLpiFZAoLr_N56txE1oDUuRbA6zTgt1IqeH2T5BkE9LFOfzXAwWpGAhHP8TKgIhEGUQd1nMKZm0KrS6xdLgOQo0U_NK5CbxjsbthdbycvUTgX3OQQ/s1600/nonaqueous+solvent.png" title="Solvent Property" /></a></div>
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<li><b>Dielectric Constant Value</b>: Dielectric constant determines the ability of a solvent to dissolve ionic compounds. Solvents with high dielectric constant can easily dissolve ionic compounds. Hence with high dielectric constant are most useful.</li>
<li><b>Donar and Aceptor Property</b>: The ability of solvent to dissolve a substance also depends on its ability to solvent cations and anions. Solution of cation involve formation of complexes in which ligand are itself solvent molecules. So the solvents should have good donar property. Aceptor property are usually manifested less specially.</li>
<li><b>Solvent Polarity</b>: The solution of cation and anion also depends on solvent polarity. If the solvent molecule is more polar the better it is able to use its negative and positives poles to solute the cations and anions respectively. Therefore the solvent with high polarity is most useful.</li>
<li><b>Size of Solvent Molecule</b>: For maximum ion solvent interaction the solvent molecules should have small size and both ends of it should be able to interact with ions in the same ways as water interact with cation and anion to dissolve it. </li>
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Solvent Property

Solvent property of aqueous or nonaqueous solvents are directly affected by the physical and chemical factors such as liquid range, dielect...

Non-Aqueous Solvent

Debendra Subedi 0 In-Organic Chemistry 8:25 AM

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Solvent other than water is known as non-aqueous solvent. Most chemical reactions are carried out in solvent and of course water is an ideal solvent for many substances. However some reactions can't be studied in aqueous solution rather can be studied in non-aqueous solvent such as anhydrous liquid Ammonia, liquid sulphur dioxide, liquid HF, Sulphuric Acid etc.<br />
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<b>Some Useful Links for Non-Aqueous Solvents:</b><br />
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<ol style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSIgV-83Movnl1cvIZ7oZ9vxVALIguLdMQ2RWSWMIcVJ4dJCKYEELz7ksid_UGiN69-XBTljfz0oh7QuzKpDaoY9pTnH96TtUYPJz66emv13frNqgJa0R_Bf5cvWbx_OGs2CaP7UgOra0/s1600/nonaqueous+solvent.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSIgV-83Movnl1cvIZ7oZ9vxVALIguLdMQ2RWSWMIcVJ4dJCKYEELz7ksid_UGiN69-XBTljfz0oh7QuzKpDaoY9pTnH96TtUYPJz66emv13frNqgJa0R_Bf5cvWbx_OGs2CaP7UgOra0/s1600/nonaqueous+solvent.png" /></a>
<li><a href="http://wechemist.blogspot.com/2014/04/liquid-ammonia-as-solvent.html" target="_blank">Liquid Ammonia as Solvent</a></li>
<li><a href="http://wechemist.blogspot.com/2014/04/liquid-sulphur-dioxide-as-solvent.html" target="_blank">Liquid Sulphur Dioxide as Solvent</a></li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inorganic_nonaqueous_solvent" target="_blank">Inorganic Nonaqueous solvent</a> in Wikipedia</li>
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Non-Aqueous Solvent

Solvent other than water is known as non-aqueous solvent. Most chemical reactions are carried out in solvent and of course water is an idea...

Borazine

Debendra Subedi 0 In-Organic Chemistry 7:42 AM

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Borazine is a inorganic compound containing 3-3 nitrogen and boron with 6 hydrogen atoms. Borazine is cyclic in structure having polar de-localized pie-electrons. Due to the polarity of the electrons in the structure they are highly reactive.It have aromatic smell and colorless for eyes.Sometimes borazine is also known as borazol, borazole or benzol.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfCEM6f9NbHoemn00Aql2yPUGfHeKNDVkdvnyrblUxXcO7mWJUuABIEoCZZF3be4g53UqswWi6r5ZZPRpTKq1khnkqOTq3jZDEcu4EGFKCn1s7BiFoWxinb0YwU7v0gALAtet8DRH0NJ0/s1600/Borazine.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="Structure of Borazine" border="0" height="273" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfCEM6f9NbHoemn00Aql2yPUGfHeKNDVkdvnyrblUxXcO7mWJUuABIEoCZZF3be4g53UqswWi6r5ZZPRpTKq1khnkqOTq3jZDEcu4EGFKCn1s7BiFoWxinb0YwU7v0gALAtet8DRH0NJ0/s1600/Borazine.png" title="Structure Of Borazine" width="320" /></a>Physical Properties of Borazine:</h4>
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Molecular Formula: B3N3H6</div>
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Molar Mass:  80.50 g/mol</div>
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Color : Colorless</div>
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Odor :Odorless </div>
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Mpt : -58 degree C</div>
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Bpt : 161 C </div>
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Borazine is commonly known as inorganic benzene. Due to the followings reasons it is known as inorganic benzene.</div>
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<li>Like benzene, borazine is also consists of hexagonal ring.</li>
<li>Like benzene, borazine also have de-localized pie-electrons with aromatic character.</li>
<li>Borazine also participate in addition and substitution reaction like benzene.</li>
<li>Physical properties of borazine benzene are also similar such as molecular weights, melting and boiling point, enthalpy of vaporization.</li>
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Re-activity of Borazine:</h4>
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The only one difference between borazine and benzene is that borazine is more reactive than benzene.</div>
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In benzene, pie-electrons are completely de-localized in the ring however in borazine due to difference in electronegativity between Boron and Nitrogen the B-N bond become polar further more the pie-electrons are partially de-localized in the ring. Consequently, the borazine ring become weak and less stable hence it is more reactive than benzene.</div>
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Borazine

Borazine is a inorganic compound containing 3-3 nitrogen and boron with 6 hydrogen atoms. Borazine is cyclic in structure having polar de-l...

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Solvent Property

Non-Aqueous Solvent

Borazine

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